Co-ordination compounds of platinum

ABSTRACT

This invention relates to a compound of platinum having the structure: ##STR1## in which X and Y are halogenoid groups which are the same or different and are preferably both chloride but may be other halide or pseudohalide such as cyanate, thiocyanate and azide or other similar groups, and A and B are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of ammonia, NH 3  and straight chain aliphatic amine groups co-ordinated to the Pt through their N atoms.

This invention relates to new compositions of matter containing platinum.

According to one aspect of the present invention a composition of matter comprises a co-ordination compound of platinum having the structure: ##STR2## in which X and Y are halogenoid groups which are the same or different and are preferably both chloride but may be other halide or pseudohalide such as cyanate, thiocycnata and azide and A and B are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of ammonia, NH₃, and straight chain aliphatic amine groups co-ordinated to the Pt through their N atoms.

According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a co-ordination compound of platinum having the structure: ##STR3## in which X and y are halogenoid groups which are the same or different and are preferably both chloride but may be other halide, pseudohalide such as cyanide, cyanate, thiocyanate, or azide or other similar groups and A and B are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of ammonia and straight chain aliphatic amine groups or C-substituted branched chain aliphatic amine groups co-ordinated to the Pt through their N atoms each having the general formula:

    C.sub.n R.sub.2n+1 NH.sub.2

in which n may vary from 3 to 9 and in which all of the R groups are either the same or different and are preferably all hydrogen but may be selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, halogen, pseudohalogen, hydroxy, carbonyl, formyl, nitro, amido, amino, sulphonic acid, sulphonic acid salt, carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid salt, and substituted alkyl, aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl groups.

The platinum is preferably present as Pt⁴⁺, thus producing a neutral complex with two hydroxyl and two halide ligands.

Although R groups other than hydrogen are not normally preferred, they may be used and may comprise lower alkyl such as methyl or ethyl or a solubilizing group such as a sulphonic acid group. Solubilizing groups as substituents such as carboxylic acid, sulphonic acid, carboxylic acid salt, sulphonic acid salt, e.g. the sodium, potassium or lithium salts, are sometimes appropriate when the clinical conditions require high solubility.

Throughout the specification and claims, the term "halogenoid" is used to mean halide (chloride, bromide, iodide or fluoride) or pseudohalide such as cyanide, cyanate, thiocyanate or azide.

Suitable straight chain amine compounds which may be used for groups A and B are 1-aminohexane, 1-aminoheptane and 1-aminooctane.

Results obtained using trans di-hydroxo complexes of Pt(IV) where in the above formula X and Y are both chloride and A and B are the same molecule (ammonia) are as follows:

    ______________________________________                                         Tumour:    ADJ/PC6                                                             Vehicle:   Arachis oil/Intraperitoneal                                         Subject:   Balb-c white mice                                                   Dose       %                                                                   mgm/Kgm    Inhibition ED.sub.90                                                                               LD.sub.50                                                                             TI                                       ______________________________________                                         12         95.4       <12      135    >11.2                                    60         97.1                                                                300        3D/3*                                                               1500       3D/3*                                                               ______________________________________                                          *Three deaths in three animals. The therapeutic index (TI) is, therefore,      greater than 11.25.                                                      

Methods of Preparation

A preferred method of preparation of trans dihydroxo cis dichloro diamine (or diammine where A═B═NH₃) Pt(IV) complexes from the corresponding Pt(II) complex is as follows:

20 g. of cis- [PtCl₂ (normal-C_(n) H_(2n+1) NH₂)₂ ] is slurried in hot water (50 ml.) and 100 ml. (30%W/V) aqueous hydrogen peroxide is added. The suspension is boiled for 30 minutes, cooled to room temperature and chilled overnight before filtration. The crude product is washed with a minimum of water and ethanol and then air dried. The crude product (69% by weight yield) is recrystallised from H₂ O₂ (15 ml. of 30% W/V) in 280 ml. water and dried in vacuo at 50° C. overnight. Yield: 35%.

Preparation of n-alkylamine platinum IV complexes

    ______________________________________                                         [PtCl.sub.4 (n-RNH.sub.2).sub.2 ] and [PtCl.sub. 2 (OH).sub.2                  (n-RNH.sub.2).sub.2 ]                                                          where R =   C.sub.3 H.sub.7                                                                             propyl                                                            C.sub.4 H.sub.9                                                                             butyl                                                             CH.sub.3 OC.sub.3 H.sub.6                                                                   3 methoxypropyl                                                   C.sub.8 H.sub.17                                                                            octyl                                                 ______________________________________                                    

1. Preparation of cis-PtCl₂ (n-C₃ H₇ NH₂)₂ - the starting material used for the preparation of the test compounds.

K₂ [PtCl₄ ] (50g) was dissolved in water (500 ml), stirred with charcoal and filtered on a porosity 4 filter. Potassium iodide (79g) in water (200 ml) was added to the filtrate and stirred for 5 minutes before addition of n-propylamine (21.5 ml). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, filtered and the [PtI₂ (n-C₃ H₇ NH₂)₂ ] washed with water, ethanol and dried in vacuo.

Yield 63.9g, 94%. This product was slurried in water (200 ml) at 40° C. and an aqueous solution of silver nitrate (38 g 100 ml) was added and stirred for 2 hours. The precipitate of AgI was filtered off, washed with water and the filtrate tested for excess silver by addition of one crystal of NaCl. Concentrated hydrochloric acid (50 ml.) was added to the silver free solution and stirred at 40° C. for two hours. The slurry of crude product was cooled overnight, filtered and the residue washed with water ethanol and dried in vacuo. The crude product was recrystallised from NN dimethylformamide (500 ml) by addition of 1 liter of 0.1N hydrochloric acid.

Yield: 36.7g, 80%; IR ν Pt-Cl 320 cm⁻¹.

Preparation of cis - PtCl4(n-C₃ H₇ NH₂)₂

cis - PtCl₂ (n-C₃ H₇ NH₂)₂ (10g) was slurried in water (70 ml.) and heated to 70° C. Chlorine was bubbled through the suspension for 1 hour during which time the slurry changed colour from pale to dark yellow. The chlorine flow was stopped and the slurry boiled for 5 minutes to remove excess chlorine before chilling at 0° C. overnight. The product was filtered off, washed with water, ethanol and dried in vacuo.

Yield 9.9g, 83.5%; IR ν Pt-Cl 340 cm⁻¹.

Preparation of PtCl₂ (OH)₂ (n-C₃ H₇ NH₂)₂

cis - PtCl₂ (n-C₃ H₇ NH₂)₂ (13g) was slurried in water (25 ml.) and boiled for 0.5 hours with hydrogen peroxide solution (37%, 50ml.). The slurry changed colour from pale to dark yellow and was chilled overnight at 0° C. before filtering off the product which was washed with water, ethanol and dried in vacuo.

Yield: 11.6g, 79% IR ν Pt-Cl 333 cm⁻¹. ##STR4##

    __________________________________________________________________________     Elemental assays.                                                                             Pt  C   H   N   O   Cl                                          __________________________________________________________________________     PtCl.sub.2 (n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7 NH.sub.2).sub.2                                                 50.79                                                                              18.75                                                                              4.69                                                                               7.29                                                                               --  18.48                                       found          --  18.85                                                                              4.74                                                                               7.32                                                                               --  18.42                                       PtCl.sub.4 (n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7 NH.sub.2).sub.2                                                 42.87                                                                              15.82                                                                              3.96                                                                               6.15                                                                               --  31.20                                       found          --  15.90                                                                              4.04                                                                               6.07                                                                               --  30.77                                       PtCl.sub.2 (OH).sub.2 (n-C.sub.3 H.sub.7 NH.sub.2).sub.2                                      46.66                                                                              17.22                                                                              4.78                                                                               6.70                                                                               7.65                                                                               16.98                                       found          --   7.23                                                                              4.82                                                                               6.60                                                                               7.69                                                                               16.75                                       __________________________________________________________________________      The same methods were used for the n-butyl and 3-methoxypropyl complexes

    __________________________________________________________________________            i.e. cis - [PtCl.sub.2 (n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 NH.sub.2).sub.2 ]                    crude yield [PtI.sub.2 (n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 NH.sub.2).sub.2 ]                                        98%                                                        crude yield [PtCl.sub.2 (n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 NH.sub.2).sub.2 ]                                       85%                                                        pure [PtCl.sub.2 (n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 NH.sub.2).sub.2 ] =                                            62%                                                        pure [PtCl.sub.4 (n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 NH.sub.2).sub.2 ] =                                            85%                                                        pure [PtCl.sub.2 (OH).sub.2 (n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 NH.sub.2).sub.2 ]                                   80%                                                 __________________________________________________________________________     Elemental analysis                                                                            Pt  C   H   N   O   Cl                                          __________________________________________________________________________     [PtCl.sub.2 (n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 NH.sub.2).sub.2 ]                                              47.34                                                                              23.30                                                                              5.34                                                                               6.79                                                                               --  17.23                                       [PtCl.sub.4 (n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 NH.sub.2).sub.2 ]                                              40.39                                                                              19.87                                                                              4.55                                                                               5.80                                                                               --  29.39                                       [PtCl.sub.2 (OH).sub.2 (n-C.sub.4 H.sub.9 NH.sub.2).sub.2 ]                                   43.73                                                                              21.52                                                                              5.38                                                                               6.28                                                                               7.17                                                                               15.92                                                      --  21.78                                                                              5.45                                                                               6.34                                                                               7.25                                                                               15.63                                       __________________________________________________________________________

Infra-red spectrum (IR) The IR values for the following complexes are as indicated below:

    ______________________________________                                         IR [PtCl.sub.2 (n-butylNH.sub.2).sub.2 ] νPt--Cl                                                 322 cm.sup.-1                                               [PtCl.sub.4 (n-butylNH.sub.2).sub.2 ] νPt--Cl                                                  330, 340, 350 cm.sup.-1                                     [PtCl.sub.2 (OH).sub.2 (n-butylNH.sub.2).sub.2 ] νPt--Cl                                       335 cm.sup.-1                                             a = CH.sub.3 OC.sub.3 H.sub.6 NH.sub.2 complexes                                                       Yield                                                  ______________________________________                                         crude PtI.sub.2 a.sub.2 90%                                                    pure PtCl.sub.2 a.sub.2 71%                                                    IR νPtCl = 318 cm.sup.-1                                                      PtCl.sub.4 a.sub.2 =  27%                                                    IR νPtCl = 330, 349 cm.sup.-1                                                 PtCl.sub.2 (OH).sub.2 a.sub.2                                                                        30%                                                    IR νPtCl = 340 cm.sup.-1                                                    ______________________________________                                    

The IR results indicate the oxidation state of the platinum. All the complexes tested are of Pt(IV), for which the typical Pt-Cl stretching frequency is in the region of 330-350 cm⁻¹. The starting material, on the other hand, (i.e. cis-PtCl₂ (n-C_(n) H_(2n+1) NH₂)₂, being Pt(II), has a typical Pt-Cl stretching frequency of about 220 cm⁻¹.

    __________________________________________________________________________     Elemental analysis %                                                                          Pt  C   H   N   O   Cl                                          __________________________________________________________________________     PtCl.sub.2 a.sub.2 (calculated)                                                               43.93                                                                              21.62                                                                              4.95                                                                               6.30                                                                               7.20                                                                               15.79                                       (found)            21.69                                                                              4.96                                                                               6.37                                                                               7.48                                                                               15.75                                       PtCl.sub.4 a.sub.2 (calculated)                                                               37.88                                                                              18.64                                                                              4.27                                                                               5.44                                                                               6.21                                                                               27.57                                       (found)            19.10                                                                              4.40                                                                               5.52                                                                               6.24                                                                               25.87                                       PtCl.sub.2 (OH).sub.2 a.sub.2 (calculated)                                                    40.81                                                                              20.08                                                                              5.02                                                                               5.86                                                                               13.39                                                                              14.85                                       (found)            20.01                                                                              5.03                                                                               5.90                                                                               13.42                                                                              14.62                                       __________________________________________________________________________

The n-octylamine PtII complex was prepared by a different method, namely, K₂ [PtCl₄ ] (25g) was dissolved in water (250 ml) and filtered through charcoal on a porosity 4 filter n-octylamine (22.5 ml) was added to the filtrate and stirred for two hours to give a white precipitate which was filtered off, washed with water, ethanol, ether and dried in vacuo. The crude product was recrystallised from DMF/0.1N CCl as before.

    ______________________________________                                                             Yield 80%                                                  ______________________________________                                         PtCl.sub.4.sup.2- + 2 amine                                                                        →                                                                             cis - PtCl.sub.2 (a).sub.2                                             νpt--Cl = 322 cm.sup.-1                                   ______________________________________                                    

The PtCl₄ a₂ derivative was prepared as before Yield 76% ν Pt-Cl = 320 sh., 345 cm⁻¹.

    ______________________________________                                         Elemental analysis                                                                          Pt      C       H     N     Cl                                    ______________________________________                                         PtCl.sub.4 a.sub.2                                                                          32.78   32.26   6.39  4.71  23.86                                                      32.27   6.45  4.79  24.01                                 ______________________________________                                    

The following table is a summary of the results obtained using the trans-dihydroxy complexes specified and indicate a therapeutic index (TI) greater than 11.2. Again as with the results given earlier, the tumour was ADJ/PC6, the vehicle was Arachis oil administered intraperitoneally to Balb-c white mice.

    ______________________________________                                                         LD.sub.50                                                                               ID.sub.90                                             Complex         mg/kg    mg/kg     TI                                          ______________________________________                                         trans-OH n-pentyl                                                                              665      37.5      17.7                                        Cl.sub.4 n-pentyl                                                                              26.5     <12       >2.2                                        trans-OH n-butyl                                                                               220      12.5      17.6                                        Cl.sub.4 n-butyl                                                                               56       <5        >11.2                                       Cl.sub.4 n-octyl                                                                               270      --        --                                          ______________________________________                                          (<20% inhib)                                                              

What is claimed is:
 1. A co-ordination compound of platinum having the structure:- ##STR5## in which X and Y are the same or different halogen and A and B are the same or different straight chain aliphatic amine groups co-ordinated to the Pt through their N atoms each having the general formula:

    C.sub.n R.sub.2n+l NH.sub.2

in which n may vary from 3 to 9 and in which all of the R groups are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, aryl, alkaryl, halogen, pseudohalogen, hydroxy, carbonyl, formyl, nitro, amido, amino, sulphonic acid, sulphonic acid salt, carboxylic acid and carboxylic acid salt.
 2. A compound according to claim 1 in which X and Y are both chlorine and R is hydrogen.
 3. A compound according to claim 1 wherein the platinum is present as Pt⁴⁺.
 4. A compound according to claim 1 wherein A and B are 1-aminohexane, 1-aminoheptane and 1-aminooctane.
 5. A compound according to claim 11 wherein X and Y are chlorine and A and B are both propylamine, butylamine or 3-methoxypropylamine. 